William sawyee



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

W. SAWYER. Electric Lamp.

No.. 227,386. Patented IMay 11, 1880..

IVM..

W/TA/ESSES.

N. PETERS, FHOTO-LITMOGRAPHER, WASHVHGTON. D D.

(No Model.) zsheets--sheez z.

' W. SAWYER.

Electric Lamp. No. 227,386.' Patented May 11,1880.

@@M Wg@ NA PETERS. PHOTO-LITHDGRAPrgER. WASHINGTON. D C

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM SAWYER, OF NEV YORKQN. Y., ASSIGNOR TO THE EASTERIT ELECTRICMANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF MIDDLETOWIN, CONN.

ELECTRIC LAMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 227,386, dated May 11,1880.

Appneanou nidi Maren 2G, Isso. (No model.)

To all 'whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM SAwYER. a citizen of the United States,residing at New York, in the. county of New York and State of New York,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electric Lamps; andI do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exactdescription ofthe invention, which will enable others skilled in the artto which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to that class of electric lamp in which a pencil ofcarbon is heated to incandescenee in a herinetically-sealed glass globefilled with nitrogen gas or exhausted of air, and It differs from otherinventions mainly In the following' particulars, to wit:y

that the base of the lamp-globe is embedded in a cup having an annularspace, the advantages of which will be described hereinafter; that thecarbon pencil iinpinges in a grooved roller-connection, whereby perfectcontact is insured; and that the base of the lamp is in two sections,soldered or brazed together, whereby taking the lamp apart, the., whenrenewal of the carbon pencil becomes necessary, is facilitated.

In the drawin accompanying and constituting a part of thisspeciiication, Figure l is i a sectional view of the lamp. Figs. 2, 3,and I are diii'erent views of mechanism for feeding the carbon pencilupward when disintegration or breakage occurs. Fig. 5 is a front view ofthe pencil of carbon and its connections. Fig. 6 is a view oi thesetting of the lainp-globe in its metal base. Fig. 7 shows the manner inwhich the lamp and the compound tube for charging the same with nitrogenare arranged, and FiO. 8 shows the compound nitrogencharging tube andits connections.

Like letters indicate like parts in all the drawings.

Referring to Figs. l and 6, Z is the globe of the lamp. Q is a thinbrass tube turned to a shoulder at P. I) is anexterior tube turned in atthe lower end, so as to it tightly the outside of the interior tube, Q.The joint thus made is brazed or soldered, and in the annular space thusformed the glass globe is set, as shown.

I prefer that the concentric cylinders shall be made of thin brass spuninto the proper shape 5 but-it is obvious that the annular space betweenP Q maybe formed either by turning in a lathe or by direct casting ofthe metal.

In the annular space between I) Q, I pour any elastic or other cement orsealing material, C', and while still hot I set the globe Zin place. Theresult is ajoint that is practically hermetical, no air or gas beingpossible of leakage in I this direction, except by passing down one sideof the globe and up the other through the whole mass of cement. This,however, is not the chief advantage ol'l sealing the globe in an annularspace. It is a well-known fact that in all incandescent lamps both theglobe and its basebecomeconsiderablyheated. The result is unequalexpansion and consequent leakage. In my arrangement the unequalexpansion of the globe and its cup is com pensated for, as I will makeclear.

At any given temperature the metal cup expands more than the glassglobe. The result is, that there is a tendency to leakage in thecement-iilled space between the globe and the outer side of the cup I;but, on the other hand, this tendency to leak is offset by the tendencyof the inner side of the cup to compress the cement contained betweenitself and the inner side of the globe, the inner side of the cupexpanding Inore than the glass. In cooling the reverse action takesplace.

To complete the cup, I braze or solder to the lower open end of the tubeQ the metal stopper S, which alone carries the mechanism of the lamp.This I prefer to do after the globe itself is cemented in place. By thusbrazing or soldering I am enabled to make an air-tight joint; andwhenever it becomes necessary to renew the incandescing carbon pencil Ihave only to unsolder the joint at P', without disturbing the sealing ofthe globe in the cup I Q, and remove the entire mechanism ofthe lamp.

The stopper S is drilled and threaded, so that it Inay be screwed ontoany ordinary gasfixture, V, to which one pole of the generator ofelectricity, l, (not shown,) is connected,

' while an inclosed insulated wire from the other pole of thegenera-tor, ina-kes connection descence, the combination of ztcarbonpencil, C, and 2t single grooved roller,'A, in the groove of which thepencil impinges.

2. In mi electric lamp operating by incmidescence, the combination of acarbon pencil, C, mid ai single roller-connection, A, provided with itsquare groove, in which the pencil impinges. n

3. In m1 electric lamp operating by incmidescence, asingle connection,A, provided with. n squm'e groove, in which it pencil of cmbcn, C,impinges.

4. In in electric lmnp operating by incmidescence, the combination, withzt globe, Z, of 2t holder, P Q, whose two concentric sides constitute mimlnulztr space in which the globe is embedded, substantially as shownmid described.

5. In mi electric lmnp operating by incandescencc, the combination of ztglobe, Z, at holder, l? Q, whose two concentric sides constitute miannular space, mid n sealing material, C',

in the space between the globe and the two concentric sides of theholder, ns set forth.

6. In nn electric lmnp operating by incandescence, the combination, withzt metal holder in which the lamp-globe is permmiently sealed, of tmetal bese supporting the lmnp mechanism mid brzized or soldered to themetal holder, in order that the incmidescing carbon may be renewed, whendesired, without disturbing the sealing of the globe, by simplyunsolderin g or unbrnzing the metal base.

7. In mi electric lmnp operating by incandescence, n metal support forthe globe constructed in two sections, one section carrying theniechmiism of the lstmp mid the other cnrrying the globe, the two beingjoined by brezin g or soldering them together, ns mid for the purposespecified.

NVM. SAWYER.

Witnesses It. S. TREAGY,

LEONARD SAWYER.

